Yellow Fever Vaccine-associated Viscerotropic Disease

Korean J Med > Volume 80(2); 2011 > Article

Original Article

The Korean Journal of Medicine 2011;80(2):301-304.

Yellow Fever Vaccine-associated Viscerotropic Disease

Eun-Sung Choi1, Kwi Hyun Bae1, Young Eui Jeong2, Young Ran Ju2, Hyun Ah Kim3, Seong-Yeol Ryu1

황열 백신 접종 후 발생한 간염 1예

최은성, 배귀현, 정영의, 주영란, 김현아, 류성열1

Abstract

This report describes a case of yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) that occurred after vaccination in a 23-year-old male. Seven days after vaccination, our patient presented with fever, myalgia, and nausea. The IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for yellow fever virus was positive. After a 24 day hospitalization, he recovered and was discharged. Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic febrile illness caused by a flavivirus and transmitted by mosquitoes. The clinical presentation ranges from a mild febrile illness to a serious infection, leading to hepatic and renal failure, myocardial injury, hemorrhage, and shock, with a case fatality rate of 20-30%. Because yellow fever is a potentially fatal disease, vaccination is encouraged for people traveling to high-risk areas. Although considered a safe vaccine, severe adverse reactions have been reported. In 2001, rare, but severe, acute viscerotropic disease following vaccination was first described. We report the case of a 23-year-old male with fever and hepatitis following vaccination with 17D yellow fever vaccine.

Key Words: Yellow fever; Hepatitis; Vaccination