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Special Review
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Korean J Med. 2014;87(6):652-658. Published online December 1, 2014.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2014.87.6.652
- 베타-락탐 항생제 알레르기 및 교차반응
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김상훈
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을지대학교 의과대학 을지병원 내과
- Beta-Lactam Allergy and Cross-Reactivity
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Sang-Hoon Kim
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Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding author: Sang-Hoon Kim ,Tel: +82-2-970-8365, Fax: +82-2-970-8621, Email: ksh1134@eulji.ac.kr
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- Abstract
- Penicillins and cephalosporins are commonly prescribed beta-lactam antibiotics that are able to induce severe and sometimes even life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. These reactions can be broadly classified as immediate or non-immediate/delayed depending on the onset of the reaction after the last drug administration. A definitive diagnosis of beta-lactam hypersensitivity is required to carry out the proper preventive measures. The diagnostic approach to beta-lactam allergy should be considered if the risk/possible benefit ratio is positive. In Korea, however, the diagnostic approach to beta-lactam allergy remains a major challenge. Major and minor determinants of penicillin for skin testing are unavailable, making skin testing appear to be less sensitive. Drug allergy work-ups that include standardized skin tests, reliable in vitro tests, and drug provocation tests are rarely carried out in clinical practice. However, screening patients without a prior history of beta-lactam allergy is routinely recommended. In this review, we discuss practical evaluation of beta-lactam allergy and cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins.
Keywords :Allergy, Hypersensitivity, Diagnosis, Penicillin, Cephalosporin
